UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

 

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2002

 

OR

 

 

For the transition period from                     to                     

 

Commission file number 0 - 18032

 

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  ý  No  o

 

At March 31, 2002, there were 109,636,811 shares of the Registrant’s common stock, $.01 par value, outstanding.

 

 

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

 

INDEX

 

PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations — Three Months Ended March 31, 2002 and March 31, 2001
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet — March 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows — Three Months Ended March 31, 2002 and March 31, 2001
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 6.	Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
	Signatures

 

2

 

PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

 

		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2002			March 31, 2001
Revenue		$	58,878		$	111,098
Costs and expenses:
Cost of products sold		23,606			41,910
Research and development		21,385			18,189
Selling, general and administrative		11,858			17,401
In-process research and development		24,200			—
Amortization of intangible assets (1)		18,623			20,737
Total costs and expenses		99,672			98,237
(Loss) income from operations		(40,794		)	12,861
Other (expense) income, net		(1,901		)	2,951
(Loss) income before (benefit) provision for income taxes		(42,695		)	15,812
(Benefit) provision for income taxes		(17,078		)	4,536
Net (loss) income		$	(25,617	)	$	11,276
Basic net (loss) income per share		$	(0.23	)	$	0.10
Diluted net (loss) income per share		$	(0.23	)	$	0.10
Shares used in per share calculations:
Basic		109,558			108,082
Diluted		109,558			112,038

 

(1) Includes $561 and $36 of amortization of deferred stock compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2002 and March 31, 2001, respectively, attributable to Research and Development activities.

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

3

 

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

(In thousands, except share and par value data)

(unaudited)

 

		March 31, 2002			December 31, 2001
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	80,863		$	250,203
Short-term investments		199,058			281,363
Accounts receivable, net		36,829			19,452
Inventories		63,751			64,926
Income taxes receivable and other current assets		33,051			28,747
Deferred Income taxes		30,068			31,591
Total current assets		443,620			676,282
Property and equipment, net		63,371			63,222
Foundry investments, advances and other assets		165,753			162,418
Intangible assets, net		195,868			125,081
Goodwill		223,439			81,387
Deferred income taxes		72,384			65,590
		$	1,164,435		$	1,173,980
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		$	43,957		$	38,255
Deferred income on sales to distributors		20,099			18,103
Income taxes payable		2,349			2,751
Total current liabilities		66,405			59,109
4 3/4% Convertible notes due in 2006		260,000			260,000
Other long-term liabilities		16,295			15,101
Commitments and contingencies		—			—
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding		—			—
Common stock, $.01 par value, 300,000,000 shares authorized, 109,636,811 and 109,428,061 shares issued and outstanding		1,097			1,094
Paid-in capital		557,682			548,053
Deferred stock compensation		(9,192		)	(2,739		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		27,335			22,932
Retained earnings		244,813			270,430
Total stockholders’ equity		821,735			839,770
		$	1,164,435		$	1,173,980

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

4

 

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

 

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

 

		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2002			March 31, 2001
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income		$	(25,617	)	$	11,276
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		23,823			26,151
In-process research and development		24,200			—
Tax benefit of option exercises		456			6,539
Deferred income taxes		(7,625		)	2,579
Changes in assets and liabilities (net of effect of business combination):
Accounts receivable		(17,377		)	19,410
Inventories		3,999			(10,657		)
Income taxes receivable and other current assets		(3,044		)	264
Foundry investments, advances and other assets		(1,274		)	(2,204		)
Intangible assets		—			667
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		4,200			(17,719		)
Deferred income		1,996			(10,310		)
Income taxes payable		(402		)	(6,820		)
Other liabilities		1,036			317
Total adjustments		29,988			8,217
Net cash provided by operating activities		4,371			19,493
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from (purchase of) short-term investments, net		82,305			(34,281		)
Acquisition of Agere FPGA		(254,175		)	—
Other intangible assets acquired		—			(5,429		)
Capital expenditures		(4,707		)	(3,989		)
Net cash used in investing activities		(176,577		)	(43,699		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repurchases of common stock, net		—			(6,160		)
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock		2,866			10,044
Net cash provided by financing activities		2,866			3,884
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(169,340		)	(20,322		)
Beginning cash and cash equivalents		250,203			235,900
Ending cash and cash equivalents		$	80,863		$	215,578
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes		$	443		$	5,421
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Unrealized gain on appreciation of foundry investments included in other comprehensive income		$	4,251		$	6,157

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

5

 

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION

 

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

 

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation:

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and in our opinion include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair statement of results for the interim periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001.

 

On January 18, 2002, we completed the acquisition of the field-programmable gate array (“FPGA”) business (“Agere FPGA”) of Agere Systems Inc. (“Agere”) for $250 million in cash. This transaction was accounted for as a purchase, and accordingly, the results of operations for Agere FPGA and estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed were included in our condensed consolidated financial statements beginning January 18, 2002. This acquisition is discussed further in Note 4.

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires us  to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the fiscal periods presented. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

We report based on a 52 or 53 week year ending on the Saturday closest to December 31. For ease of presentation, we have adopted the convention of using March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31 as period end dates for all financial statement captions.

 

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of the factors, including those related to the acquisition of Agere FPGA, set forth in the section entitled “Factors Affecting Future Results” and elsewhere in the report.

 

6

 

Note 2 — Revenue Recognition:

 

Revenue from direct customers is recognized upon shipment provided that persuasive evidence of a sales arrangement exists, the price is fixed, title has transferred, collection of resulting receivables is probable, there are no customer acceptance requirements and no remaining significant obligations.  Certain of our sales are made to distributors under agreements providing price protection and right of return on unsold merchandise.  Revenue and cost relating to such distributor sales are deferred until the product is sold by the distributor and related revenue and costs are then reflected in income.

 

Note 3 — Net Income Per Share:

 

Net income per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potentially dilutive securities assumed to be outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive securities consist of stock options, warrants to purchase common stock and convertible subordinated notes.

 

The most significant difference between basic and diluted net income per share is that basic net income per share does not treat potentially dilutive securities such as stock options, warrants and convertible subordinated notes as outstanding. For the three months ended March 31, 2001, diluted weighted-average shares outstanding include the effect of stock options and warrants but exclude the effect of $260 million of convertible subordinated notes as they are antidilutive.  For the three months ended March 31, 2002, the computation of net loss per share excludes the effect of stock options, warrants and the convertible notes as their inclusion would be antidilutive. A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted net income per share is presented below (in thousands, except for per share data):

 

		Three months ended
		March 31, 2002			March 31, 2001
Net (loss) income		$	(25,617	)	$	11,276
Shares used in basic net (loss) income per share calculations		109,558			108,082
Dilutive effect of stock options and warrants in 2001		—			3,956
Shares used in diluted net (loss) income per share		109,558			112,038
Basic net (loss) income per share		$	(0.23	)	$	0.10
Diluted net (loss) income per share		$	(0.23	)	$	0.10

 

7

 

Note 4 — Acquisition of Agere FPGA:

 

On January 18, 2002, we completed the acquisition of Agere FPGA for $250 million in cash. This acquisition increased our share of the PLD market, accelerated our entry into the FPGA portion of the market and provided us with additional technical employees and intellectual property. This acquisition principally comprises intellectual property which is valued using a discounted cash flow methodology of which goodwill is a by-product. The transaction was completed pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement dated as of December 7, 2001 between Lattice and Agere.  The components of  the purchase price were as follows (in millions):

 

Cash		$	250.0
Estimated direct acquisition costs		6.3
Total		$	256.3

 

In accordance with Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 141, “Business Combinations,” the total purchase price was allocated to the estimated fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The estimate of fair value of the assets acquired was based on an independent appraisal and our estimates. The purchase price allocation is subject to further refinement and change over the next three quarters. We are in the process of completing our integration of Agere FPGA, and accordingly, the amounts recorded are based on our current estimates of these costs. The total purchase price was allocated as follows (in millions):

 

Excess of purchase price over net assets acquired		$	142.0
Current technology		63.3
In-process research and development		24.2
Fair value of non-compete agreement		13.8
Licensed technology		10.2
Inventory		2.6
Backlog		1.6
Property, plant and equipment		.2
Accrued liabilities		(1.6		)
Total		$	256.3

 

There were no significant exit costs incurred or accrued in connection with this transaction. Management expects the costs of this acquisition, including goodwill, to be deductible for income tax purposes.

 

Employees joining us during the quarter from Agere were awarded approximately 1.1 million stock options which vest ratably over four years at a grant price of $14.76 per option. The difference between grant price and market value of our common stock on the grant date, aggregating approximately $7.0 million, was recorded as paid-in capital and

 

8

 

deferred stock compensation and is being amortized to operations ratably over the vesting period as part of Amortization of Intangible Assets.

 

In-Process Research and Development (“IPR&D”)

 

IPR&D consists of those products that are not yet proven to be technologically feasible but have been developed to a point where there is value associated with them in relation to potential future revenue. Because technological feasibility was not yet proven and no alternative future uses are believed to exist for the in-process technologies, the assigned value was expensed immediately upon the closing date of the acquisition.

 

The value of $24.2 million assigned to acquired IPR&D was determined by identifying research projects in areas for which technological feasibility had not been established and there was no alternative future use. The acquired IPR&D includes revisions to the ORCA 4 FPGA family (increasing speed and density) which were approximately 85% complete and estimated to be completed by 2003 at an estimated cost of $1.5 million, the next generation ORCA 5 FPGA family (increasing speed and density while reducing die size) which was approximately 50% complete and estimated to be completed by 2004 at an estimated cost of $2 million, and future development of FPSC field-programmable system chips (field-programmable system chips which combine embedded pre-defined logic circuits with the ORCA 4 and ORCA 5 FPGA platforms) which were approximately 25% to 90% complete. FPSC products were estimated to be completed by 2004 at an estimated cost of $2 million. The value was determined by an income approach where fair value is the present value of projected free cash flows that will be generated by the products incorporating the acquired technologies under development, assuming they are successfully completed. The estimated net free cash flows generated by the products over 5-7 year periods were discounted at rates ranging from 23 to 25 percent in relation to the stage of completion and the technical risks associated with achieving technological feasibility. The net cash flows for such projects were based on management’s estimates of revenue, expenses and asset requirements.

 

All of these projects have completion risks related to silicon functionality, architecture performance, process technology availability, packaging technology, continued availability of key technical personnel, product reliability and availability of software support. To the extent that estimated completion dates are not met, revenue opportunity will be permanently lost and the risk of competitive product introductions will be greater.

 

Useful lives of intangible assets

 

The current and licensed technology included in the acquisition of Agere FPGA has an estimated weighted average useful life of approximately seven years, and the non-compete agreement estimated useful life is approximately three years resulting in a weighted average useful life of approximately 6.3 years.  In accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” the excess of purchase price over net assets acquired, or Goodwill, will be subject to an impairment test at least annually and will not be amortized (see Note 7).

 

9

 

Pro forma results

 

The following pro forma results of operations information are provided for illustrative purposes only and do not purport to be indicative of the consolidated results of operations for future periods or that actually would have been realized had Lattice and Agere FPGA been a consolidated entity during the periods presented. The pro forma results combine the results of operations as if Agere FPGA had been acquired as of the beginning of the periods presented. These pro forma results do not include the effect of non-recurring purchase accounting adjustments. The results do include the impact of certain adjustments such as intangible asset amortization, estimated changes in interest income (expense) related to cash outlays associated with the transaction and income tax benefits related to the aforementioned adjustments. Additionally, the in-process research and development charge of $24.2 million discussed above has been excluded from the periods presented due to its non-recurring nature:

 

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

		Three months ended
		March 31, 2002			March 31, 2001
Revenue		$	64,270		$	131,098
Net (loss) income		$	(10,089	)	$	9,320
Basic net (loss) income per share		$	(.09	)	$	.09
Diluted net (loss) income per share		$	(.09	)	$	.08

 

Note 5 — Inventories (in thousands):

 

		March 31, 2002			Dec. 31, 2001
Work in progress		$	41,054		$	44,460
Finished goods		22,697			20,466
		$	63,751		$	64,926

 

10

 

Note 6 — Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (in thousands):

 

											Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
								Deferred Stock Comp.
		Common Stock			Paid-in Capital									Retained Earnings
																	Total
Balances, Dec. 31, 2001		$	1,094		$	548,053		$	(2,739	)	$	22,932		$	270,430		$	839,770
Common stock issued		3			2,159			—			—			—			2,162
Tax benefit of option exercises		—			456			—			—			—			456
Unrealized gain on foundry investments (Note 9)		—			—			—			4,251			—			4,251
Deferred stock compensation		—			7,014			(7,014		)	—			—			—
Amortization of deferred stock compensation		—			—			561			—			—			561
Translation adjustment		—			—			—			152			—			152
Net loss for the three-month period		—			—			—			—			(25,617		)	(25,617		)
Balances, March 31, 2002		$	1,097		$	557,682		$	(9,192	)	$	27,335		$	244,813		$	821,735

 

Total comprehensive loss for the first three-month period of 2002 was approximately $21.2 million and was comprised of $25.6 million net loss from operations, $4.3 million unrealized gain on foundry investments and $0.2 million of translation adjustments.

 

Note 7 — New Accounting Pronouncements:

 

In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” which supersedes APB Opinion No. 17, “Intangible Assets.” SFAS 142, among other things, establishes new standards for intangible assets acquired in a business combination, eliminates amortization of goodwill and sets forth requirements to periodically evaluate goodwill for impairment. We adopted this statement during the first quarter of 2002 and thus goodwill and certain intangibles with indefinite lives are no longer being amortized. Accordingly, approximately $8 million of previous quarterly amortization is no longer being recorded. We have completed an initial goodwill impairment assessment to determine if a transition impairment charge should be recognized under SFAS 142. Upon assessment, no transition impairment charge was recorded.

 

11

 

The following table presents the impact of SFAS 142 on net income and net income per share had the new standard been in effect for the quarter ended March 31, 2001:

 

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

		Three months ended
		March 31, 2002			March 31, 2001
Net (loss) income—as reported		$	(25,617	)	$	11,276
Adjustments:
Amortization of goodwill		—			7,982
Income tax effect		—			(2,290		)
Net adjustments		—			5,692
Net (loss) income—as adjusted		$	(25,617	)	$	16,968
Basic net (loss) income per share—as reported		$	(.23	)	$	.10
Basic net (loss) income per share—adjusted		$	(.23	)	$	.16
Diluted net (loss) income per share—as reported		$	(.23	)	$	.10
Diluted net (loss) income per share—adjusted		$	(.23	)	$	.15

 

The following tables present details of the Company’s total purchased intangible assets (in millions):

 

					Accumulated amortization
March 31, 2002		Gross						Net
Current technology		$	273.6		$	(120.0	)	$	153.6
Customer list		17.4			(9.7		)	7.7
Licenses		10.2			(0.3		)	9.9
Non-compete agreements		13.8			(0.9		)	12.9
Patents and trademarks		26.8			(15.0		)	11.8
Total		$	341.8		$	(145.9	)	$	195.9

 

					Accumulated amortization
December 31, 2001		Gross						Net
Current technology		$	210.2		$	(106.8	)	$	103.4
Customer list		17.4			(8.9		)	8.5
Patents and trademarks		26.8			(13.6		)	13.2
Total		$	254.4		$	(129.3	)	$	125.1

 

12

 

The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets as of March 31, 2002 is as follows (in millions):

 

 

The estimated future amortization expense of deferred stock compensation attributable to Research and Development activities as of March 31, 2002 is approximately $1.9 million for the remaining nine months of 2002, $2.5 million annually for 2003 and 2004, and $2.0 million for 2005.

 

In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS 144, “Accounting for the Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” which supersedes SFAS 121, “Accounting for the Impairment Of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of.” SFAS 144 retains the fundamental provisions of SFAS 121 regarding the recognition and measurement of the impairment of long-lived assets to be held and used and the measurement of long-lived assets to be disposed by sale, but provides additional definition and measurement criteria for determining when an impairment has occurred. Goodwill and financial assets are excluded from the scope of SFAS 144, however amortizable intangible assets fall within its scope. The adoption of this statement in the first quarter of 2002 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 145, “Rescission of FAS Nos. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FAS 13, and Technical Corrections.” Among other things, SFAS 145 rescinds various pronouncements regarding early extinguishment of debt and allows extraordinary accounting treatment for early extinguishment only when the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30, “Reporting the Results of Operations — Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions” are met. SFAS 145 provisions regarding early extinguishment of debt are generally effective for fiscal years beginning after May 15, 2002. Management does not believe that the adoption of this statement will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

13

 

Note 8 — Legal Matters:

 

We are not currently a party to any material legal proceedings.

 

Note 9 — Unrealized Gain on Foundry Investments:

 

In 1995, we entered into a series of agreements with United Microelectronics Corporation (“UMC”), a public Taiwanese company, pursuant to which we agreed to join UMC and several other companies to form a separate Taiwanese corporation, (“UICC”), for the purpose of building and operating an advanced semiconductor manufacturing facility in Taiwan, Republic of China.  Under the terms of the agreements, we invested approximately $49.7 million for an approximate 10% equity interest in the corporation and the right to receive a percentage of the facility’s wafer production at market prices.

 

In 1996, we entered into an agreement with Utek Corporation (“Utek”), a public Taiwanese company in the wafer foundry business that became affiliated with the UMC group in 1998, pursuant to which we agreed to make a series of equity investments in Utek under specific terms. In exchange for these investments, we received the right to purchase a percentage of Utek’s wafer production. Under this agreement, we invested approximately $17.5 million. On January 3, 2000, UICC and Utek merged into UMC.

 

The net book value of our investment in UMC at December 31, 2001 was approximately $103.1 million. During the March 2002 quarter, we recorded a $6.6 million unrealized gain ($4.3 million net of tax and reflected in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income) related to changes in the market value of our unrestricted UMC shares, increasing the net book value of this investment to approximately $109.7 million at March 31, 2002.

 

We currently own approximately 84 million shares of UMC common stock. Restrictions by UMC and the Taiwan government apply to approximately 28% of these shares.  If we liquidate our UMC shares, it is likely that the amount of any future realized gain or loss will be different from the accounting gain or loss reported in prior periods.

 

14

 

Note 10 — Segment and Geographic Information:

 

We operate in one industry segment comprising the design, development, manufacture and marketing of high performance programmable logic devices. Our sales by major geographic area were as follows (in thousands):

 

		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2002			March 31, 2001
United States		$	24,716		$	53,254
Export sales:
Europe		17,208			27,359
Asia		13,307			23,861
Other		3,647			6,624
		34,162			57,844
		$	58,878		$	111,098

 

Resale of product through two distributors accounted for approximately 25% and 17% of revenue in the first three months of 2002, and 28% and 22%, respectively, for the first three months of 2001. More than 90% of our property and equipment is located in the United States. Other long-lived assets located outside the United States consist primarily of foundry investments and advances (see Note 9).

 

15

 

ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL CONDITION

 

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of the factors set forth in the section entitled “Factors Affecting Future Results” and elsewhere in this report.

 

Results of Operations

 

Key elements of our consolidated statement of operations, expressed as a percentage of revenues, were as follows:

 

		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2002		March 31, 2001
Revenue		100.0	%	100.0	%
Gross margin		59.9	%	62.3	%
Research and development expenses		36.3	%	16.4	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		20.1	%	15.7	%
In-process research and development		41.1	%	—
Amortization of intangible assets		31.6	%	18.7	%
(Loss) income from operations		(69.3	)%	11.6	%

 

Revenue:

 

Revenue for the first quarter of 2002 decreased $52.2 million, or 47%, as compared to the first quarter of 2001. The composition of our revenue by product family for the first quarter of 2002 and 2001, respectively, was as follows:

 

		Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2002		March 31, 2001
FPGA		8	%	0	%
CPLD		71	%	77	%
SPLD		21	%	23	%

 

We acquired Agere FPGA on January 18, 2002. Revenue from the sale of FPGA devices subsequent to the acquisition was approximately $4.7 million. Prior to the acquisition, we had no significant revenue from the sale of FPGA devices.

 

During 2001, the semiconductor and PLD markets experienced a significant downturn, which has continued into the first quarter of 2002. Our revenue decrease in the first quarter of 2002 as compared to the first quarter of 2001 was a result of this downturn and the resultant decrease in demand for our products. Revenue declined across all geographies while the communications end market was particularly weak.

 

16

 

As a percentage of total revenue, U.S. sales decreased to 42% for the first three months of 2002 as compared to 48% for the first three months of 2001, export sales to Asia increased during the first three months of 2002 when compared to the first three months of 2001, rising to 23% from 21%, and export sales to Europe increased to 29% from 25% for the same period.

 

Overall average selling prices decreased in the first quarter of 2002 as compared to the first quarter of 2001 as a result of the significant downturn in the semiconductor and PLD markets, and to a lesser extent due to product mix changes. Although selling prices of mature products generally decline over time, this decline is at times offset by higher selling prices of new products.  Our ability to achieve revenue growth is in large part dependent on the continued development, introduction and market acceptance of new products. See “Factors Affecting Future Results.”

 

Gross margin:

 

Gross margin as a percentage of revenue was 59.9% in the first quarter of 2002, as compared to 62.3% for the first quarter of 2001. This gross margin decrease was primarily due to lower margins realized on finished goods inventory purchased in conjunction with our acquisition of Agere FPGA and the increased proportion of fixed manufacturing costs in the 2002 first quarter due to the decline in revenue discussed above.  These factors more than offset continued reductions in our overall manufacturing costs. Reductions in overall manufacturing costs resulted primarily from yield improvements, migration of products to more advanced technologies and smaller die sizes, and wafer, assembly and test price reductions.

 

Research and development:

 

Research and development (“R&D”) expenses increased approximately $3.2 million during the first quarter of 2002 when compared to the first quarter of 2001. This increase was primarily due to increased engineering headcount and related spending and also due to our acquisition of Agere FPGA. We believe that a continued commitment to research and development is essential in order to maintain product leadership of our existing product families and to provide innovative new product offerings, and therefore we expect to continue to make significant future investments in research and development.

 

Selling, General and Administrative Expense:

 

Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses decreased approximately $5.5 million in the first quarter of 2002 when compared to the first quarter of 2001. These decreases were primarily due to lower variable costs associated with reduced revenue and profitability and reductions in discretionary spending.

 

17

 

In-Process Research and Development:

 

IPR&D consists of those products that are not yet proven to be technologically feasible but have been developed to a point where there is value associated with them in relation to potential future revenue. Because technological feasibility was not yet proven and no alternative future uses are believed to exist for the in-process technologies, the assigned value was expensed immediately upon the closing date of the acquisition.

 

The value of $24.2 million assigned to acquired IPR&D was determined by identifying research projects in areas for which technological feasibility had not been established and there was no alternative future use. The acquired IPR&D includes revisions to the ORCA 4 FPGA family (increasing speed and density) which were approximately 85% complete and estimated to be completed by 2003 at an estimated cost of $1.5 million, the next generation ORCA 5 FPGA family (increasing speed and density while reducing die size) which was approximately 50% complete and estimated to be completed by 2004 at an estimated cost of $2 million, and future development of FPSC field-programmable system chips (field-programmable system chips which combine embedded pre-defined logic circuits with the ORCA 4 and ORCA 5 FPGA platforms) which were approximately 25% to 90% complete. FPSC products were estimated to be completed by 2004 at an estimated cost of $2 million. The value was determined by an income approach where fair value is the present value of projected free cash flows that will be generated by the products incorporating the acquired technologies under development, assuming they are successfully completed. The estimated net free cash flows generated by the products over 5-7 year periods were discounted at rates ranging from 23 to 25 percent in relation to the stage of completion and the technical risks associated with achieving technological feasibility. The net cash flows for such projects were based on management’s estimates of revenue, expenses and asset requirements.

 

All of these projects have completion risks related to silicon functionality, architecture performance, process technology availability, packaging technology, continuing availability of key personnel, product reliability and availability of software support. To the extent that estimated completion dates are not met, revenue opportunity will be permanently lost and the risk of competitive product introductions are greater.

 

Useful lives of intangible assets:

 

The current and licensed technology included in the acquisition of Agere FPGA has an estimated weighted average useful life of approximately seven years, and the non-compete agreement estimated useful life is approximately three years resulting in a weighted average useful life of approximately 6.3 years.  In accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” the excess of purchase price over net assets acquired, or Goodwill, will be subject to an impairment test at least annually and will not be amortized.

 

18

 

Amortization of Intangible Assets:

 

Amortization of intangible assets was approximately $18.6 million in the first quarter of 2002, a decrease of $2.1 million or 10% as compared to $20.7 million for the first quarter of 2001. This decrease is the result of an $8.0 million quarterly decrease related to the cessation of amortizing goodwill upon the adoption of SFAS No. 142 in the first quarter of 2002 (see Note 7), partially offset by amortization of approximately $5.3 million for intangible assets recorded in conjunction with the acquisition of Agere FPGA on January 18, 2002. The estimated useful life of the intangible assets, including those acquired in the acquisition of Agere FPGA, is generally from three to seven years.

 

Other (expense) income, net:

 

Other (expense) income, net decreased by approximately $4.9 million in the first quarter of 2002 as compared to the first quarter of 2001. This decrease was primarily due to lower invested balances associated with the acquisition of Agere FPGA (see Note 4) and lower interest rates on invested balances.

 

(Benefit) provision for income taxes:

 

The (benefit) provision for income taxes for the first quarter of 2002 results in an effective tax rate of (40.0)% of pretax loss, as compared to 28.7% of pretax income for the first quarter of 2001. The tax benefit in the first quarter of 2002 is the result of the pretax loss reported in the period. The tax rates associated with the tax benefit in the first quarter of 2002 is higher than the provision rates in the first quarter of 2001 because of the proportional impact of our marginal tax rate applied to operating income and non taxable investment income. The effective rate for all periods presented is different than the combined federal and state statutory rates primarily because of tax-exempt investment income and tax credits.

 

FACTORS AFFECTING FUTURE RESULTS

 

A downturn in the communications equipment or computing end markets will cause a reduction in demand for our products and limit our ability to maintain or increase our revenue and profit levels.

 

A significant portion of our revenue is derived from customers in the communications equipment and computing end markets.  A downturn in the overall global economy or in the economies of the countries where we derive significant revenue could lead to a contraction of capital spending on information technology.  This in turn could lead to a reduction in the demand for communications or computing equipment and for our products.

 

Due to a deterioration in overall economic conditions and a significant reduction in information technology capital spending, the communications and computing end markets declined in 2001 when compared to prior years. These conditions continued through the

 

19

 

first quarter of 2002.  In addition, the abrupt transition from an environment of rapid growth to the current environment in these end equipment markets has resulted in an excess of component inventory within our end customers.  At present and in the future when these or other similar conditions exist, there is likely to be an adverse effect on our operating results.

 

The cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry may limit our ability to maintain or increase revenue and profit levels during future industry downturns.

 

The semiconductor industry is highly cyclical, to a greater extent than other less dynamic or less technology-driven industries.  Our financial performance has periodically been negatively affected by past downturns in the semiconductor industry.  Factors that have contributed to these downturns include:

 

•                  the cyclical nature of the demand for the products of semiconductor customers;

 

•                  general reductions in inventory levels by customers;

 

•                  excess production capacity; and

 

•                  accelerated declines in average selling prices.

 

Beginning in 2001, the semiconductor industry experienced a significant downturn.  At present and in the future when these or other similar conditions exist, there is likely to be an adverse effect on our operating results.

 

We may experience unexpected difficulties integrating the FPGA business we recently purchased from Agere.

 

On January 18, 2002, we acquired the FPGA business of Agere Systems and are currently in the process of integrating this business with our operations.  If our integration is unsuccessful, more difficult or more time consuming than originally planned, we may incur unexpected disruptions to our ongoing business.  These disruptions could harm our operating results.  Further, the following specific factors may adversely affect our ability to integrate the FPGA business of Agere:

 

•                  we may experience unexpected losses of key employees or customers;

 

•                  we  may not achieve expected levels of revenue growth, cost reduction and profitability improvement;

 

•                  we may not be able to coordinate our new product and process development in a way which permits us to bring future new products to the market in a timely manner;

 

•                  we may experience unexpected costs and discover unexpected liabilities; and

 

•                  we may experience difficulties or delays in conforming the standards, processes, procedures and controls of our two businesses.

 

20

 

In addition, as part of our acquisition, we entered into agreements with Agere to obtain certain manufacturing, intellectual property and transition support and services.  In the event that Agere fails to provide this support and service, or provides such support and service at a level of quality and timeliness inconsistent with the historical delivery of such support and service, our ability to integrate the FPGA business will be hampered and our operating results may be harmed.

 

We may be unsuccessful in defining, developing or selling new products required to maintain or expand our business.

 

As a semiconductor company, we operate in a dynamic environment marked by rapid product obsolescence.  Our future success depends on our ability to introduce new or improved products that meet customer needs while achieving acceptable margins.  If we fail to introduce these new products in a timely manner or these products fail to achieve market acceptance, our operating results would be harmed.

 

The introduction of new products in a dynamic market environment presents significant business challenges.  Product development commitments and expenditures must be made well in advance of product sales.  The success of a new product depends on accurate forecasts of long-term market demand and future technology developments.

 

Our future revenue growth is dependent on market acceptance of our new product families and the continued market acceptance of our software development tools.  The success of these products is dependent on a variety of specific technical factors including:

 

•     successful product definition;

 

•     timely and efficient completion of product design;

 

•     timely and efficient implementation of wafer manufacturing and assembly processes;

 

•                  product performance; and

 

•                  the quality and reliability of the product.

 

If, due to these or other factors, our new products do not achieve market acceptance, our operating results would be harmed.

 

Our products may not be competitive if we are unsuccessful in migrating our manufacturing processes to more advanced technologies or alternative fabrication facilities.

 

To develop new products and maintain the competitiveness of existing products, we need to migrate to more advanced wafer manufacturing processes that use larger wafer sizes and smaller device geometries.  We also may need to use additional foundries.  Because

 

21

 

we depend upon foundries to provide their facilities and support for our process technology development, we may experience delays in the availability of advanced wafer manufacturing process technologies at existing or new wafer fabrication facilities.  As a result, volume production of our advanced process technologies at the new fabs of Seiko Epson, UMC or future foundries may not be achieved.  This could harm our operating results.

 

In late 2001, UMC informed us that as part of an overall capacity rationalization they were planning to close certain of their fabrication facilities.  We were developing an advanced wafer manufacturing process at one of the UMC fabs that has been closed.  With UMC’s support, we have transferred this process to alternative UMC fabs.  However, transfer of a manufacturing process is a technically demanding and time intensive challenge.  As a result, our new product introduction schedules have been delayed.  This could harm our operating results.

 

Our marketable securities, which we hold for strategic reasons, are subject to equity price risk and their value may fluctuate.

 

Currently we hold substantial equity in UMC Corporation, which we acquired as part of a strategic investment to obtain certain manufacturing rights.  The market price and valuation of these equity shares has fluctuated widely due to market and other conditions over which we have little control.  During the year ended December 31, 2001, we recorded a $152.8 million pre-tax impairment loss related to this investment.  In the future, UMC shares may continue to experience significant price volatility.  We have not attempted to reduce or eliminate this equity price risk through hedging or similar techniques and hence substantial, sustained changes in the market price of UMC shares could impact our financial results.  To the extent that the market value of our UMC shares experiences further deterioration for an extended period of time, our net income could be reduced.

 

Our future quarterly operating results may fluctuate and therefore may fail to meet expectations.

 

Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated and may continue to fluctuate.  Consequently, our operating results may fail to meet the expectations of analysts and investors.  As a result of industry conditions and the following specific factors, our quarterly operating results are more likely to fluctuate and are more difficult to predict than a typical non-technology company of our size and maturity:

 

•                  general economic conditions in the countries where we sell our products;

 

•                  conditions within the end markets into which we sell our products;

 

•                  the cyclical nature of demand for our customers’ products;

 

•                  excessive inventory accumulation by our end customers;

 

22

 

•                  the timing of our and our competitors’ new product introductions;

 

•                  product obsolescence;

 

•                  the scheduling, rescheduling and cancellation of large orders by our customers;

 

•                  our ability to develop new process technologies and achieve volume production at the new fabs of Seiko Epson, UMC or at other foundries;

 

•                  changes in manufacturing yields;

 

•                  adverse movements in exchange rates, interest rates or tax rates; and

 

•                  the availability of adequate supply commitments from our wafer foundries and assembly and test subcontractors.

 

As a result of these factors, our past financial results are not necessarily a good predictor of our future results.

 

Our stock price may continue to experience large short-term fluctuations.

 

In recent years, the price of our common stock has fluctuated greatly.  These price fluctuations have been rapid and severe and have left investors little time to react.  The price of our common stock may continue to fluctuate greatly in the future due to a variety of company specific factors, including:

 

•                  quarter-to-quarter variations in our operating results;

 

•                  shortfalls in revenue or earnings from levels expected by securities analysts; and

 

•                  announcements of technological innovations or new products by other companies.

 

Our wafer supply may be interrupted or reduced, which may result in a shortage of finished products available for sale.

 

We do not manufacture finished silicon wafers.  Currently, our silicon wafers are manufactured by Seiko Epson in Japan, UMC in Taiwan, Chartered Semiconductor in Singapore, Agere Systems and AMD in the United States.  If Seiko Epson, through its U.S. affiliate, Epson Electronics America, UMC or Chartered significantly interrupts or reduces our wafer supply, our operating results could be harmed.

 

In the past, we have experienced delays in obtaining wafers and in securing supply commitments from our foundries.  At present, we anticipate that our supply commitments are adequate.  However, these existing supply commitments may not be sufficient for us to satisfy customer demand in future periods.  Additionally, notwithstanding our supply

 

23

 

commitments we may still have difficulty in obtaining wafer deliveries consistent with the supply commitments.  We negotiate wafer prices and supply commitments from our suppliers on at least an annual basis.  If any of Seiko Epson, Epson Electronics America, UMC or Chartered were to reduce its supply commitment or increase its wafer prices, and we cannot find alternative sources of wafer supply, our operating results could be harmed.

 

Many other factors that could disrupt our wafer supply are beyond our control.  Since worldwide manufacturing capacity for silicon wafers is limited and inelastic, we could be harmed by significant industry-wide increases in overall wafer demand or interruptions in wafer supply.  Additionally, a future disruption of Seiko Epson’s, UMC’s or Chartered’s foundry operations as a result of a fire, earthquake or other natural disaster could disrupt our wafer supply and could harm our operating results.

 

If our foundry partners experience quality or yield problems, we may face a shortage of finished products available for sale.

 

We depend on our foundries to deliver reliable silicon wafers with acceptable yields in a timely manner.  As is common in our industry, we have experienced wafer yield problems and delivery delays.  If our foundries are unable to produce silicon wafers that meet our specifications, with acceptable yields, for a prolonged period, our operating results could be harmed.

 

The majority of our revenue is derived from products based on a specialized silicon wafer manufacturing process technology called E²CMOS.  The reliable manufacture of high performance E²CMOS semiconductor wafers is a complicated and technically demanding process requiring:

 

•                  a high degree of technical skill;

 

•                  state-of-the-art equipment;

 

•                  the absence of defects in the masks used to print circuits on a wafer;

 

•                  the elimination of minute impurities and errors in each step of the fabrication process; and

 

•                  effective cooperation between the wafer supplier and the circuit designer.

 

As a result, our foundries may experience difficulties in achieving acceptable quality and yield levels when manufacturing our silicon wafers.

 

If our assembly and test subcontractors experience quality or yield problems, we may face a shortage of finished products available for sale.

 

We rely on subcontractors to assemble and test our devices with acceptable quality and yield levels.  As is common in our industry, we have experienced quality and yield

24

 

problems in the past.  If we experience prolonged quality or yield problems in the future, our operating results could be harmed.

 

The majority of our revenue is derived from semiconductor devices assembled in advanced packages.  The assembly of advanced packages is a complex process requiring:

 

•                  a high degree of technical skill;

 

•                  state-of-the-art equipment;

 

•                  the absence of defects in lead frames used to attach semiconductor devices to the package;

 

•                  the elimination of raw material impurities and errors in each step of the process; and

 

•                  effective cooperation between the assembly subcontractor and the device manufacturer.

 

As a result, our subcontractors may experience difficulties in achieving acceptable quality and yield levels when assembling and testing our semiconductor devices.

 

Deterioration of conditions in Asia may disrupt our existing supply arrangements and result in a shortage of finished products available for sale.

 

All three of our major silicon wafer suppliers operate fabs located in Asia.  Our finished silicon wafers are assembled and tested by independent subcontractors located in China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Thailand.  A prolonged interruption in our supply from any of these subcontractors could harm our operating results.

 

Economic, financial, social and political conditions in Asia have historically been volatile.  Financial difficulties, governmental actions or restrictions, prolonged work stoppages or any other difficulties experienced by our suppliers may disrupt our supply and could harm our operating results.

 

Our wafer purchases from Seiko Epson are denominated in Japanese yen.  The value of the dollar with respect to the yen fluctuates.  Substantial deterioration of dollar-yen exchange rates could harm our operating results.

 

Export sales account for a substantial portion of our revenues and may decline in the future due to economic and governmental uncertainties.

 

Our export sales are affected by unique risks frequently associated with foreign economies including:

 

•                  changes in local economic conditions;

 

25

 

•                  exchange rate volatility;

 

•                  governmental controls and trade restrictions;

 

•                  export license requirements and restrictions on the export of technology;

 

•                  political instability or terrorism;

 

•                  changes in tax rates, tariffs or freight rates;

 

•                  interruptions in air transportation; and

 

•                  difficulties in staffing and managing foreign sales offices.

 

For example, our export sales have historically been affected by regional economic crises.  Significant changes in the economic climate in the foreign countries where we derive our export sales could harm our operating results.

 

We may not be able to successfully compete in the highly competitive semiconductor industry.

 

The semiconductor industry is intensely competitive and many of our direct and indirect competitors have substantially greater financial, technological, manufacturing, marketing and sales resources.  If we are unable to compete successfully in this environment, our future results will be adversely affected.

 

The current level of competition in the programmable logic market is high and may increase as our market expands.  We currently compete directly with companies that have licensed our products and technology or have developed similar products.  We also compete indirectly with numerous semiconductor companies that offer products and solutions based on alternative technologies.  These direct and indirect competitors are established multinational semiconductor companies as well as emerging companies.  We also may experience significant competition from foreign companies in the future.

 

We may fail to retain or attract the specialized technical and management personnel required to successfully operate our business.

 

To a greater degree than most non-technology companies or larger technology companies, our future success depends on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified technical and management personnel.  As a mid-sized company, we are particularly dependent on a relatively small group of key employees.  Competition for skilled technical and management employees is intense within our industry.  As a result, we may not be able to retain our existing key technical and management personnel.  In addition, we may not be able to attract additional qualified employees in the future.  If we are unable to retain existing key employees or are unable to hire new qualified employees, our operating results could be adversely affected.

 

26

 

If we are unable to adequately protect our intellectual property rights, our financial results and competitive position may suffer.

 

Our success depends in part on our proprietary technology.  However, we may fail to adequately protect this technology.  As a result, we may lose our competitive position or face significant expense to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights.

 

We intend to continue to protect our proprietary technology through patents, copyrights and trade secrets.  Despite this intention, we may not be successful in achieving adequate protection.  Claims allowed on any of our patents may not be sufficiently broad to protect our technology.  Patents issued to us also may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented.  Finally, our competitors may develop similar technology independently.

 

Companies in the semiconductor industry vigorously pursue their intellectual property rights.  If we become involved in protracted intellectual property disputes or litigation we may utilize substantial financial and management resources, which could have an adverse effect on our operating results.

 

We may also be subject to future intellectual property claims or judgments.  If these were to occur, we may not be able to obtain a license on favorable terms or without our operating results being adversely affected.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS 144, “Accounting for the Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” which supersedes SFAS 121, “Accounting for the Impairment Of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of.” SFAS 144 retains the fundamental provisions of SFAS 121 regarding the recognition and measurement of the impairment of long-lived assets to be held and used and the measurement of long-lived assets to be disposed by sale, but provides additional definition and measurement criteria for determining when an impairment has occurred. Goodwill and financial assets are excluded from the scope of SFAS 144, however amortizable intangible assets fall within its scope. The adoption of this statement in the first quarter of 2002 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” which supersedes APB Opinion No. 17, “Intangible Assets.” SFAS 142, among other things, establishes new standards for intangible assets acquired in a business combination, eliminates amortization of goodwill and sets forth requirements to periodically evaluate goodwill for impairment. We adopted this statement during the first quarter of 2002 and thus goodwill and certain intangibles with indefinite lives are no longer being amortized. Accordingly, approximately $8 million of quarterly amortization is no longer being recorded. We have completed an initial goodwill impairment assessment to determine if a transition impairment charge should be recognized under SFAS 142. Upon assessment, no transition impairment charge was recorded.

 

27

 

The following table presents the impact of SFAS 142 on net income and net income per share had the new standard been in effect for the quarter ended March 31, 2001:

 

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

		Three months ended
		March 31, 2002			March 31, 2001
Net (loss) income—as reported		$	(25,617	)	$	11,276
Adjustments:
Amortization of goodwill		—			7,982
Income tax effect		—			(2,290		)
Net adjustments		—			5,692
Net (loss) income—as adjusted		$	(25,617	)	$	16,968
Basic net (loss) income per share—as reported		$	(.23	)	$	.10
Basic net (loss) income per share—adjusted		$	(.23	)	$	.16
Diluted net (loss) income per share—as reported		$	(.23	)	$	.10
Diluted net (loss) income per share—adjusted		$	(.23	)	$	.15

 

The following tables present details of the Company’s total purchased intangible assets (in millions):

 

					Accumulated amortization
March 31, 2002		Gross						Net
Current technology		$	273.6		$	(120.0	)	$	153.6
Customer list		17.4			(9.7		)	7.7
Licenses		10.2			(0.3		)	9.9
Non-compete agreements		13.8			(0.9		)	12.9
Patents and trademarks		26.8			(15.0		)	11.8
Total		$	341.8		$	(145.9	)	$	195.9

 

					Accumulated amortization
December 31, 2001		Gross						Net
Current technology		$	210.2		$	(106.8	)	$	103.4
Customer list		17.4			(8.9		)	8.5
Patents and trademarks		26.8			(13.6		)	13.2
Total		$	254.4		$	(129.3	)	$	125.1

 

28

 

The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets as of March 31, 2002 is as follows (in millions):

 

 

The estimated future amortization expense of deferred stock compensation attributable to Research and Development activities as of March 31, 2002 is approximately $1.9 million for the remaining nine months of 2002, $2.5 million annually for 2003 and 2004, and $2.0 million for 2005.

 

In May 2002, the FASB issued SFAS 145, “Rescission of FAS Nos. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FAS 13, and Technical Corrections.” Among other things, SFAS 145 rescinds various pronouncements regarding early extinguishment of debt and allows extraordinary accounting treatment for early extinguishment only when the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30, “Reporting the Results of Operations — Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions” are met. SFAS 145 provisions regarding early extinguishment of debt are generally effective for fiscal years beginning after May 15, 2002. Management does not believe that the adoption of this statement will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

Item 7(a) Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 

As of March 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001 our investment portfolio consisted of fixed income securities of $277.0 million and $508.2 million, respectively. As with all fixed income instruments, these securities are subject to interest rate risk and will decline in value if market interest rates increase. If market rates were to increase immediately and uniformly by 10% from levels as of March 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, the decline in the fair value of our portfolio would not be material. Further, we have the ability to hold our fixed income investments until maturity and, therefore, we would not expect to recognize such an adverse impact on our income or cash flows.

 

We have international subsidiary and branch operations. Additionally, a portion of our silicon wafer purchases are denominated in Japanese yen. We therefore are subject to

 

29

 

foreign currency rate exposure. To mitigate rate exposure with respect to our yen-denominated wafer purchases, we maintain yen-denominated bank accounts and bill our Japanese customers in yen. The yen bank deposits are utilized to hedge specific and firm yen-denominated wafer purchases. If the foreign currency rates were to fluctuate by 10% from rates at March 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, the effect on our consolidated financial statements would not be material. However, there can be no assurance that there will not be a material impact in the future.

 

We are exposed to equity price risk due to our equity investment in UMC (see Note 9). Neither a 10% increase nor a further 10% decrease in equity price related to this investment would have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. We have not attempted to reduce or eliminate this equity price risk through hedging or similar techniques and hence substantial, sustained changes in the market price of UMC shares could impact our financial results.  To the extent that the market value of our UMC shares experiences further deterioration for an extended period of time, our net income could be reduced.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

As of March 31, 2002, our principal source of liquidity was $279.9 million of cash and short-term investments, a decrease from the balance of $531.6 million at December 31, 2001. Working capital decreased to $377.2 million at March 31, 2002 from $617.2 million at December 31, 2001. These decreases were primarily due to cash used for the acquisition of the FPGA business of Agere on January 18, 2002.  During the first quarter of 2002, we generated approximately $4.4 million of cash and cash equivalents from our operations compared with $19.5 million during the first quarter of 2001. This reduction in cash generation was driven primarily by reduced receipts from end customers and distributors in conjunction with lower revenue levels as a result of the significant downturn in the semiconductor and PLD markets, as well as reduced cash flow from stock option exercises.

 

Accounts receivable at March 31, 2002 increased by $17.4 million, or 89%, as compared to the balance at December 31, 2001. This increase was primarily due to increased billings and revenue and the timing of billings and payments during the quarter as compared to the fourth quarter of 2001. Income taxes receivable and other current assets increased by approximately $4.3 million, or 15%, as compared to the balance at December 31, 2001. This increase is due primarily to an increase in previously paid income taxes which are now refundable. Net intangible assets increased by $73.8 million, or 59% as compared to the balance at December 31, 2001, primarily due to intangible assets recorded in conjunction with the acquisition of Agere FPGA (see Note 4). These additions were partially offset by amortization expense of $18.6 million, including $0.6 million of deferred compensation expense. Goodwill increased by $142.1 million, or 175% as compared to the balance at December 31, 2001. This increase is due to goodwill recorded in conjunction with the acquisition of Agere FPGA (see Note 4). Beginning in 2002, goodwill is no longer amortized (see Note 7). The increase in non-current deferred income taxes of $6.8 million, or 10%, at March 31, 2002 as compared to December 31, 2001 is due primarily to the write-off of $24.2 million of in-process research and development related to the acquisition of

 

30

 

Agere FPGA (see Note 4) for financial statement purposes, but which is amortized over fifteen years for income tax purposes. The increase in non-current deferred taxes is also due, to a lesser extent, to the net tax effect of intangible asset amortization.

 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses at March 31, 2002 increased by $5.7 million, or 15%, as compared to the balance at December 31, 2001. This increase is due primarily to the timing of interest payments on our convertible subordinated notes and increased contracted assembly activities. Deferred income at March 31, 2002 increased by $2.0 million, or 11%, as compared to the balance at December 31, 2001, due primarily to increased billings to distributors and the timing of these billings as compared to the fourth quarter of 2001.

 

On October 28, 1999, we issued $260 million in 4 ¾ % convertible subordinated notes due on November 1, 2006. These notes require that we pay interest semi-annually on May 1 and November 1. Holders of these notes may convert them into shares of our common stock at any time on or before November 1, 2006, at a conversion price of $20.72 per share, subject to adjustment in certain events. Beginning on November 6, 2002 and ending on October 31, 2003, we may redeem the notes in whole or in part at a redemption price of 102.71% of the principal amount. In the subsequent three twelve-month periods, the redemption price declines to 102.04%, 101.36% and 100.68% of principal, respectively. The notes are subordinated in right of payment to all of our senior indebtedness, and are subordinated to all liabilities of our subsidiaries. At March 31, 2002, we had no senior indebtedness and our subsidiaries had $2.8 million of other liabilities. Issuance costs relative to the convertible subordinated notes are included in Other Assets and aggregated approximately $6.9 million and are being amortized to expense over the life of the notes. Accumulated amortization amounted to approximately $3.9 million at March 31, 2002.

 

We do not have any financial partnerships with unconsolidated entities, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which are often established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. Accordingly, we are not exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had such relationships.

 

Capital expenditures were approximately $4.7 million for the first quarter of 2002. We expect to spend approximately $15 million to $20 million for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2002.

 

We currently own approximately 84 million shares of UMC common stock. Restrictions by UMC and the Taiwan government apply to approximately 28% of these shares.  If we liquidate our UMC shares, it is likely that the amount of any future realized gain or loss will be different from the accounting gain or loss reported in prior periods.

 

In December 2000, our Board of Directors authorized management to repurchase up to five million shares of our common stock. As of March 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, we had

 

31

 

repurchased 1,136,000 shares at an aggregate cost of approximately $20.0 million.

 

In March 1997 and as subsequently amended in January 2002, we entered into an advance payment production agreement with Seiko Epson and Epson Electronics America, Inc.  (“EEA”) under which we agreed to advance approximately $69 million, payable upon completion of specific milestones, to Seiko Epson to finance construction of an eight-inch sub-micron semiconductor wafer manufacturing facility.  Under the terms of the agreement, the advance is to be repaid with semiconductor wafers over a multi-year period.  No interest income is recorded.  The agreement calls for wafers to be supplied by Seiko Epson through EEA pursuant to purchase agreements with EEA. Payments of approximately $51.2 million have been made under this agreement. Approximately $4.7 million of these advances are expected to be repaid with semiconductor wafers during the next twelve months and are thus reflected as part of “Income taxes receivable and other current assets” in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

 

We may in the future seek new or additional sources of funding. In addition, in order to secure additional wafer supply, we may from time to time consider various financial arrangements including joint ventures, equity investments, advance purchase payments, loans, or similar arrangements with independent wafer manufacturers in exchange for committed wafer capacity. To the extent that we pursue any such additional financing arrangements, additional debt or equity financing may be required. There can be no assurance that such additional financing will be available when needed or, if available, will be on favorable terms. Any future equity financing will decrease existing stockholders’ equity percentage ownership and may, depending on the price at which the equity is sold, result in dilution.

 

32

 

PART II.   OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 6.            Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K

 

(a)                                  Exhibits

 

None

 

(b)                                 Reports on Form 8-K

 

On February 4, 2002 we filed a Current Report on Form 8-K regarding our acquisition of the FPGA business of Agere Systems Inc. completed on January 18, 2002.

 

On April 2, 2002 we filed an amended  Current Report on Form 8-K/A regarding our acquisition of the FPGA business of Agere Systems Inc. completed on January 18, 2002.

 

33

 

SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

LATTICE SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION (Registrant)

 

Date: May 9, 2002

 

 

By:	/s/ Stephen A. Skaggs
	Stephen A. Skaggs
	Senior Vice President Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

 

34